Preventive Dental Hygiene Care Syllabus for 2013-2014
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Course

DHYG-1227-001 Preventive Dental Hygiene Care

Prerequisites

Course Description

The role of the dental hygienist as a therapeutic oral health care provider with emphasis on concepts of disease management, health promotion, communication and behavior modification.

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Department Expectations

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Hours

(2 sem hrs; 1 lec, 3 lab)

Class Type

On Campus Course

Syllabus Information

Textbooks

Required Course Textbooks

1. Primary Preventive Dentistry , Norman O. Harris, Franklin Garcia-Godoy, and Christine Nielsen Nathe, 8th edition.  Pearson, 2014.

2. Dental Health Education Lesson Planning and Implementation, Lori Gagliardi, 2nd edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007.

 

 

 

Supplies

\ Course Supply List

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\ 1.  Library Card for AC and/or city library

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\ 2.  Computer and Internet Access, printer, print cartridges

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\ 3.  Index cards, Scantrons, paper, pens, marker

Student Performance

Course Description

The role of the dental hygienist as a therapeutic oral health care provider with emphasis on concepts of disease management, health promotion, communication, and behavior modification.

End-of-Course Outcomes

Describe the role of the dental hygienist as a therapeutic oral health care provider; develop and implement a patient education plan for periodontal disease; and explain the concepts of disease management.

Instructor Objectives for the Course

Objectives will coordinate with the materials presented in lecture, handouts, reading assignments and exams.

1.  Define and apply the following key terms:  primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.

2.  Describe the historical aspect of preventive dental care.

3.  Describe the state of dental health in the United States.

4.  Describe categories that aid in classifying diseases.

5.  Describe risk assessment in dental care delivery.

6.  Define culture and explain its relevance to the contemporary healthcare professions.

7.  Describe influences of culture on aspects of U.S. society that impact preventive healthcare to underserved populations.

8.  Identify health beliefs among different cultural groups.

9.  Describe how cultural beliefs influence preventive dental care.

10.  Explain the relationship between cultural competence and health outcomes.

11.  Describe the dental hygiene process of care.

12.  Describe the integration of the dental hygiene process of care  into the dental hygiene appointment.

13.  Compare and contrast dental hygiene therapy for patients with and without attachment loss.

14.  Describe the elements of the dental hygiene appointment.

15.  Describe the use of the CDT in creating a dental hygiene care plan.

16.  Define dental public health.

17.  Describe community programs aimed at preventing diseases.

18.  Differentiate between organic coatings of endogenous and exogenous (acquired) origin.

19.  Explain why dental plaque is not unique among naturally occurring microbial layers.

20.  Describe the mechanisms proposed to explain bacterial adhesion to the acquired pellicle.

21.  Distinguish between primary and secondary bacterial colonizers in dental plaque, and cite examples of each.

22.  Identify the primary sites of calculus formation, explain how calculus forms, and detail the differences between supragingival and subgingival calculus.

23.  Describe the basis for the involvement of the acquired pellicle, bacterial dental plaque, and dental calculus in caries and the inflammatory periodontal diseases.

24.  Describe the four types of carious lesions that are found on the different surfaces of the teeth.

25.  Describe the histologic characteristics of enamel and dentin that facilitate fluid flow throughout a tooth.

26.  Describe the four zones of an incipient caries lesion.

27.  Describe the conduits (pores) that directly conduct acid from the bacterial plaque to the body of the lesion.

28.   LIst the bacteria most often implicated in the caries process, and indicate when each is present in the highest number during the caries process.

29.  Describe the series of events in a cariogenic plaque and subsurface lesion from the time of bacterial exposure to sugar until the pH returns to a resting state.

30.  Describe the characteristics of root caries, and explain the differences and similarities to coronal caries.

31.   Describe why the profession takes so much time in treating secondary caries.

32.  Describe the relationship between pH and the saturation of calcium and phosphorus ions in caries development.

33.  .  Describe the protective relationship of calcium fluoride to hydroxyapatite and fluorhydroxyapatite during an acidogenic attack.

34.  Describe the epidemiology of oral cancer.

35.   Identify risk factors that contribute to oral cancer.

36.   Identify signs and symptoms of oral cancer.

37.   Identify factors to prevent oral cancer.

38.  Describe the common locations for oropharyngeal cancers.

39.  Describe the various screening and diagnostic tools used to detect oral cancer.

40.   Describe the steps in a complete oral cancer examination.

41.   Identify the staging system used for oral cancer.

42.  Describe treatment options.

43.  Identify practical considerations for health care providers.

44.  Define dental trauma.

45.   Describe the etiology of dental trauma.

46.   Describe the assessment of trauma.

47.   List and describe the categories of dental trauma.

48.  List the four host defense mechanisms operational in the oral cavity.

49.  Describe how the epithelium functions as a microbial barrier in the mouth.

50.  Describe how an ideal dentition functions as a defense mechanism.

51.  Describe the cycle of enamel demineralization and remineralization and assess its presence in patients.

52.  Evaluate caries treatment plans to include a medical model of disease prevention and non-surgical treatment.

53.  Identify early and late colonizers in bacterial plaque, and discuss their roles in the disease process.

54.  Incorporate systemic assessments of host defense mechanisms into periodontal therapy.

55.  Explain the significance of plaque pH.

56.  Differentiate between cellular and humoral immunity.

57.  Describe the role of granulocytes in host defense.

58.  List the major salivary glands and functions of saliva.

59.  Prescribe appropriate therapies for a patient with compromised salivary function.

60.  Discuss the functions of the immunoglobulins.

61.  Explain concepts of host defense mechanisms into patient treatment plans.

62.  Describe the history of the toothbrush.

63.  Describe manual toothbrush designs including size, shape, and texture.

64.  Describe the rationale for each toothbrushing method.

65.  Describe design, methods, and uses of powered toothbrushes.

66.  Describe toothbrush efficiency and safety evaluations.

67.  Discuss appropriate toothbrushing time and frequency.

68.  Determine appropriate time for toothbrush replacement.

69.  Describe brush care for dentures, orthodontic appliances, and tongues.

70.  Differentiate between a cosmetic and a therapeutic dentifrice, mouthrinse, and chewing gum.

71.  Explain the three phases of reseach necessary when applying to investigate a new drug.

72.  Discuss how  approval or nonapproval of a new product by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) differs froom acceptance or rejection by the American Dental Association (ADA).

73.  List and define the purpose of each dentifrice ingredient including percentage quantities.

74.  Explain the various reasons that the same abrasive material in toothpaste can cause different levels of abrasion on tooth structure.

75.  Define the three types and amounts of fluoride compounds commonly used in dentifrices.

76.  Identify the agents used in dentifrices to produce anticaries, anticalculus, whitening, and antihypersensitivity effects.

77.  Explain the active ingredients in antiplaque and  antigingivitis mouthrinses sold over the counter and as a prescription item.

78.  Describe the advantages and disadvantages of mouthrinses containing alcohol.

79.  Describe the benefits of chewing gum and the ingredients used to help reduce oral disease.

80.  Describe the reasons that adjuncts to toothbrushing are needed to supplement oral health self-care.

81.  Identify factors in addition to oral conditions that influence selection of self-care adjunctive devices and techniques.

82.  Identify the process of developing an oral health self-care plan.

83.  State the purposes, indications, contraindications, techniques, advantages, and limitations of various adjunctive oral hygiene devices and procedures.

84.  Identify risks for peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis.

85.  Identify critical factors that result in implant failure.

86.  Describe proper oral self-care for implants.

87.  Describe the proper oral self-care for removable partial dentures, full dentures, and overdentures.

88.  Describe the risk of Candida infections for denture wearers.

89.  Explain the various procedures and cleansers used to prevent and control oral Candida infections.

90.  Define community water fluoridation.

91.  Describe the four historical periods in the evolution and development of community water fluoridation.

92.  Explain the role of community water fluoridation and  the impact of multiple sources of fluoride on the decline of dental caries.

93.  Describe the effect of the discontinuation of water fluoridation in a community on caries prevalence.

94.  Describe fluorosis classifications and characteristics by severity  and the need to monitor exposure to fluoride.

95.  Describe the economic aspects of water fluoridation.

96.  State the optimal fluoride concentration for drinking water in the United States, in parts per million (ppm F), for maximum caries protection with minimal risk of fluorosis.

97.  List the additives used for water fluoridation and briefly describe the technical aspects of fluoridation, including monitoring and surveillance of water fluoridation in the United States.

98.  Describe the regulatory standards and policies for naturally occurring fluoride in drinking water.

99.  State the daily Adequate Intake and Tolerable Upper Limit of fluoride for different age groups.

100. Summarize the current status of fluoridation in other countries and describe alternatives to water fluoridation.

101.  List the fluoride compounds used to control caries and indicate their relative effectiveness.

102.  Describe how topical fluorides work to prevent caries.

103.  Identify what percentage of sodium fluoride, acidulated phosphate fluoride and stannous fluoride are available for office and home use.

104.  Describe how topical fluoride is applied to the teeth.

105.  Describe safety considerations with topical fluoride.

106.  State the expected decrease in caries formation following use of dentifrices and mouthrinses containing fluoride.

107.  Describe fluoridated varnishes and fluoride-releasing dental restorative materials and the potential of these materials to inhibit demineralization and enhance remineralization.

108.  Describe safety considerations with topical fluoride.

109.  Define sugars, sweeteners, and sugar substitutes.

110.  Identify the three sugars that are composed of glucose, fructose, or galactose.

111.  Differentiate between cariogenic sugars and noncariogenic sweeteners.

112.  Describe the potential impact that excessive sugar intake has on dental and systemic health.

113.  Explain the role of sugar in the caries process.

114.  Suggest alternative sweetener options that are noncariogenic on the basis of a working knowledge of comparative sweetness to sucrose.

115.  Identify contraindications that can preclude someone from using a specific sugar substitute.

116.  Describe the role of xylitol in the prevention of dental caries.

117.  Describe preventive strategies to halt or  decrease caries frequency in the high-risk or at-risk patient.

118.  Define patient autonomy.

119.  Explain the elements of the major health education theories.

120.  Identify principles of adult learning.

121.  Identify motivational interviewing techniques to devise a patient education strategy.

122.  Describe population  characteristics of tobacco users in the United States and the resultant morbidity and mortality.

123.  Describe the oral diseases and lesions related to the use of tobacco, both smoked and smokeless.

124.  Describe the different types of tobacco and their uses, emphasizing the harmful toxins, carcinogens, and nicotine levels in both smoked and smokeless tobacco.

125.  Describe the process of nicotine addiction as a chemical dependence as well as the behavioral and social aspects of the addiction process.

126.  Identify the specific FDA-approved pharmacotherapies available for tobacco cessation, including nicotine-replacement therapy and oral medication as well as emphasizing the appropriate assessment of the dependence level to nicotine and the most beneficial use of available medications.

127.  Identify the various components of an effective tobacco-dependence intervention using the Public Health Service Guideline, stages of change model, and motivation for behavior change.

128.  Describe the specific components of a tobacco-dependence intervention in the  dental office setting, emphasizing the specific roles of the dental team for a comprehensive program.

129.  Identify the elements of successful tobacco-prevention strategies in the office and community settings.

130.  Describe the preventive aspects of athletic mouthguards.

131.  Describe the historical aspects of athletic mouthguards.

132.  Describe the prevalence of sports-related orofacial and head trauma.

133.  List the promotional activities advocating the use of mouthguards.

134.  List the sports and activities that should involve the use of athletic mouthguards.

135.  Describe the types of athletic mouthguards.

136.  Describe the fabrication of custom-made vacuum - formed mouthguards.

137.  Describe the dental provider's role in the use of athletic mouthguards.

138.  Describe the current status and future of immunizations in oral health care.

139.  Describe genetic evolution in oral health care.

140.  Describe the current status and future of gene therapy in oral health care.

141.  Describe the current status and future of stem cell use in oral health.

142.  Describe the use of probiotics in oral health.

143.  Describe common oral conditions and diseases of pediatric patients.

144.  Describe specific preventive strategies to use with pediatric patients.

145.  Describe the role of the dental provider in treating pediatric patients.

146.  Describe common oral conditions and diseases of adult patients.

147.  Describe specific preventive strategies to use with adult patients.

148.  Describe the role of the dental provider in treating adult patients.

149.  Describe and define the geriatric population.

150.  Describe common oral conditions and diseases of geriatric patients.

151.  Describe specific preventive strategies to use with geriatric patients.

152.  Describe the role of the dental provider in treating geriatric patients.

153.  Describe common oral conditions and diseases of medically compromised patients.

154.  Describe preventive treatment strategies to use with medically compromised patients.

155.  Describe the role of the dental provider in treating medically compromised patients.

156.  Describe common oral conditions and diseases of patients with developmental disabilities.

157.  Describe specific preventive strategies to use with patients with developmental disabilities.

158.  Describe the role of the dental provider in treating patients with developmental disabilities.

159.  Recognize some of the common medications used by people with disabilities for associated medical conditions.

 

 Lab Objectives taken from the CE assignments from www.dentalcare.com website:
 

1.   Identify the two bacteria most often associated with dental caries.

2.  Understand the term used in caries prediction.

3.   Understand the caries process.

4.   Explain the general approach of caries risk assessment.

5.   Determine the cause of each pathology.

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